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内容简介
2022年中国海油迎来了自己的40岁华诞。40年战天斗海，40年栉风沐雨， 40年砥砺前行，步入不惑之年的中国海油正在向着中国特色国际一流能源公司 的目标稳步前进。40年来，在党中央、国务院以及相关部委的领导和关怀下，中国海油大胆闯、 大胆试，走出了一条“引进来”和“走出去”相互促进的融合发展之路，敢于、勇 于并且善于吸收中外一切优秀成果与经验，逐步形成 了一套行之有效的台风应对策 略、方案和措施。走得再远，走到再光辉的未来，都不能忘记走过的路，不能忘记为什么出发。 通过40年的艰辛探索，中国海油在海上油气田防台方面已经取得了一定的成熟经 验，但是回望这40年探索史有时候也付出了血与泪的惨痛教训。作为新时代海油 人，我们有责任也有义务将这套成熟经验和探索历程整理成册，这不仅是中国海油 的财富，也可以为其他涉海行业提供参考借鉴。本书共分为8章。第1章“台风概述”论述了台风的基本知识;第2章“台风对 海上石油设施的影响及对策”分析了台风对海上设施的影响及应对措施，梳理了 国内外因大风浪造成的事故案例;第3章“台风对海上油气田的影响分析”统计了 1982—2021年台风对海上油气田的影响，分析了10年际变化规律，并分年度总结 了2011—2020年台风对海上油气田的影响和应对过程;第4章“海上油气田防台历 程”回顾了1982—2021年期间海上油气田在防台方面从被动应对到科学防治的三个 跨越;第5章“海上油气田防台应急管理体系”阐述了海上油气田在防台方面的应 急管理体系建设成效;第6章“海上油气田防台实践”总结了海上油气田在应对台 风方面从防范与准备、监测预警、应急处置到恢复与重建四个阶段的成熟做法与经 验;第7章“海上油气田防台辅助支持系统”介绍了系统的整体架构、核心功能以 及使用说明;第8章“海上油气田防台工作展望”展望了海上油气田在防台管理制度建设、技术能力提升以及基层防台重塑三个方面的发展方向。附录中收录了中国 海油相关单位的防台良好作业实践。另外在“热带气旋”和“台风”两个专有名词的使用上，考虑到受众的语言习 惯、专业程度和接受能力，中国气象局规定自2013年11月1日起，在台风预报预警 服务信息中，针对强度达到热带风暴及以上级别的热带气旋，要统一使用“台风” 用语，而不再根据热带气旋的不同强度使用对应的等级用语。由于热带低压对于海 上油气作业的影响极其有限，因此本书中除需明确区分台风等级及原文引用外，一 律用“台风”表示8级以上(含8级)级别的热带气旋。
目录
目录 第1章 台风概述···············································································1
1.1 台风定义 ·······················································································2
1.2 台风分级 ·······················································································2 1.2.1
台风速度表示········································································2 1.2.2
台风等级划分········································································3
1.3 台风形成 ·······················································································3 1.3.1
形成条件··············································································3 1.3.2
形成过程··············································································3
1.4 台风结构 ·······················································································4 1.4.1
垂直结构··············································································5 1.4.2
水平结构··············································································5 1.4.3
台风风圈··············································································6
1.5 台风路径 ·······················································································7
1.5.1 台风源地··············································································7
1.5.2 台风移动路径影响因素····························································9
1.5.3 台风典型移动路径································································ 11
1.6 台风命名 ····················································································· 12
1.6.1 命名方法············································································ 12
1.6.2 台风除名············································································ 12
1.7 台风监测与预报 ············································································ 13
1.7.1 台风监测 ············································································ 13
1.7.2 台风预报 ············································································ 15
1.7.3 台风监测预报识别解析技术···················································· 19
1.8 我国台风预警 ··············································································· 22
1.8.1 台风警报等级划分································································ 22
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